Commercial Funding Glossary

Commercial Funding Glossary:


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Term

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Description

Bridge Loan with Warrants What Does Bridge Loan Mean? (Bridging Loan in the UK):
A short-term loan that is used until a company secures permanent financing or removes an existing obligation. This type of financing allows the user to meet current obligations by providing immediate cash flow. The loans are short-term (up to one year) with relatively high interest rates and are backed by some form of collateral such as real estate or inventory. 

Also known as “interim financing”, “gap financing” or a ”swing loan”.
As the term implies, these loans “bridge the gap” between times when financing is neededThey are used by corporations and can be customized for many different situations. For example, let’s say that a company is doing a round of equity financing that is expecting to close in six months. A bridge loan could be used to secure working capital until the round of funding goes through. In the case of real estate, bridge loans are common. As there can often be a time lag between the sale of one property and the purchase of another, a bridge loan allows a commercial real estate investor more flexibility.

 

Warrants

A warrant is a security that permits its owner to purchase a specific number of shares of stock at a predetermined price. For example, a warrant may give an investor the right to purchase 5 shares of XYZ common stock at a price of $25 per share until October 1, 20xx. Warrants usually originate as part of a new bond issue, but they trade separately after issuance. Warrants usually have limited lives. Their values are considerably more volatile than the values of the underlying stock. Thus, investment in warrants is not for the timid. Also called equity warrant, stock warrant, subscription warrant.

 

Commodity Trade Finance (also Structured Trade Finance) What is structured trade finance? 

Trade structured trade finance are inevitable tools for financing your business whether they are related to goods or commodities. Structured trade finance is basically a method that aids many importers and exports of goods and commodities to conduct their business without any hitch. This article will act as your trade finance advice tool and will introduce you to the benefits of trade finance and structured trade finance which you can take advantage of, if you run short of cash during any point of time of your day to day business activities.

Why do we need structured trade finance?

No one can disagree with importance of commodity trade finance for smooth operation of import and export business activities. It is needless to mention that today the business is virtually handicapped sans working capital which infuses life in your business. However, given the uncertainty and slow liquidation factors in the business, it sometimes becomes tough for a businessperson to arrange money for making fresh purchase. This is where the needs of structured trade finance come into picture.

How different is it from traditional form of financing from banks?

When you turn to a bank for financing your business in the midst of financial crisis, it might not help you much. Ideally, a bank may finance up to certain limit which largely depends on the financial picture of your business in the balance sheet. Where as the structured trade finance is tailor-made to assist you to finance you business just the way you like it. With structured trade finance in place, you can easily make purchase from your suppliers even when you do not have immediate money to pay your suppliers. Commodity trade finance acts as a useful tool to pay your suppliers at a later date ensuring you run your normal business process smoothly.

How does structured trade finance work?

In structured trade finance or commodity trade finance, as they call it, the bank takes the releasable stock of your finished products as collateral. The bank usually lends money against the total worth of the stock minus some amount which is calculated taking into account the price and other risk factors.

In the structured trade finance method, the bank also considers the way the deal is structured between both buyer and the seller. If something goes wrong, then the bank will take possession of the goods and commodities and sell them to realize money to reply any loan amount outstanding.

How does the structured trade finance benefit you?

The structured trade finance helps you get advance on your slow paying invoices, giving you the working capital to pay employees and suppliers. It also helps you get money to pay your suppliers enabling you to deliver your large purchase orders.

Construction Financing The method of financing used when a borrower contracts to have a house built, as opposed to purchasing a completed house. 

Construction can be financed in two ways. One way is to use two loans, a construction loan for the period of construction, followed by a permanent loan from another lender, which pays off the construction loan. Borrowers who use two loans must decide whether they will take out the construction loan, or have the builder do it. The second approach is to use a single combination loan, where the construction loan becomes permanent at the end of the construction period.

Some lenders (primarily commercial banks) will only make construction loans. Others will only make combination loans. And some will do it either way.

Two Loans Versus One Loan: Two loans mean that you shop twice and incur two sets of closing costs. One loan means that you shop only once and incur only one set of closing costs. But, to do it effectively, you must shop construction loans and permanent loans at the same time.

Construction loans usually run for six months to a year and carry an adjustable interest rate that resets monthly or quarterly. In addition to points and closing costs, lenders charge a construction fee to cover their costs in administering the loan. (Construction lenders pay out the loan in stages and must monitor the progress of construction). In shopping construction loans, one must take account of all of these dimensions of theprice.”

Lenders offering combination loans typically will credit some of the fees paid for the construction loan toward the permanent loan.
The lender might charge four points for the construction loan, for example, but apply three of the points toward the permanent loan. If the borrower takes the permanent loan from another lender, however, the construction lender retains the three points. This credit plus the one set of closing costs are major talking points of loan officers pushing combination loans.

The rebate offered on combination loans makes it difficult to compare these loans with the two-loan alternative. For example, lender A offers a construction loan at four points with three points applicable to a permanent loan, while B offers an untied construction loan at two points. Going with a means saving one point on the construction loan but this is no bargain if A’s terms on permanent loans are not competitive.

Suppose A offers a permanent loan at 6% and three points, while lender C offers the same 6% loan at one point. Then if you selected A, you would pay a total of four points on both loans, but if you had selected B for the construction loan and C for the permanent loan you would have paid only three points in total. A is above the best price available in the permanent loan market by more than it is below the best price available in the construction loan market.

Further, once you accept a combination loan deal that involves a significant rebate from the construction loan, shopping other
lenders for a permanent mortgage after construction ends is likely to prove fruitless. So long as the combination lender is not above the market for permanent loans by more than the rebate plus closing costs, you cannot do better by finishing the deal with another lender. You’re hooked!

This means that you cannot properly assess a lender’s combination loan without comparing that lender’s terms on permanent loans with those of other permanent lenders. You should shop construction loans and permanent loans at the same time. If the combination lender is above the market on permanent loans by an amount that is less than the saving on the construction loan plus closing costs, you go with the combination loan. Otherwise, you go with two loans.

If you go the two-loan route, you have the option of having the builder take the construction loan. Then you have only the permanent loan to worry about.

Should the Builder Finance Construction? The advantage of having the builder finance construction is that you need to take out only one mortgage, and you have assurance that the builder has sufficient financial capacity to do the job. Further, a builder paying interest on a construction loan has an incentive to get the job done as quickly as possible.

The downside is that you don’t know what you are paying for the financing because it is embedded in the price of the house.
Since the builder must include the financing cost in the price before the construction period is known, his inclination may be to assume a longer period (and therefore a higher financing cost) than is actually the case.

In addition, the builder must have title to the land in order to obtain construction financing, and switching title is costly in some
states. Finally, a builder who owns the property and is on the hook for the loan may be reluctant to make any modifications in the design that would negatively affect its marketability in the event that the deal falls through.

Contract Finance (also called Forward Contract Finance) Contract Financing is provided to businesses that do not produce their own products but rather contract out manufacture and fulfillment to another company, whether it is foreign or domestic. In this case you have received a valid Purchase Order from XYZ Company, a credit worthy customer, for 1,000 units @ $200.00/unit. You inform your manufacturer you will need 1,000 units delivered to XYZ Company by a certain date. They tell you they will need $100,000.00 to produce and deliver. With contract financing in place, the money is provided by the investor to have the product produced, insured and delivered to your customer. Typically, there will be a factoring relationship in place to “take out” (pay off) the contract financing once the product is delivered. This type of financing is also used for import and export. PLEASE NOTE: It is important to understand that this type of financing is not for inventory build up, but rather is for fulfillment only. Fees tend to be higher and advances lower then with factoring, because of the greater risk to the investor.
Credit Card Merchant Processing Working Capital Finance 

(also called Credit Card Receivables Finance)

Credit Card Merchant Processing Working Capital Financing 

Every successful small business needs working capital. Financing, or borrowing, this money is sometimes an option, but many small businesses will not meet the minimum requirements necessary to secure a commercial loan or a line of credit.

A credit card processing Merchant Cash Advance is an option for getting money for your business without relying on working capital financing or traditional financial institutions. A Merchant Cash Advance is a sale of future credit and debit card sales, which enables a business to concentrate more on increasing sales volume and less on the requirements and demands associated with commercial loans and other forms of financing.

Working capital is used for many different purposes in a small business. It covers the costs of advertising, growth and expansion. It might be used for payroll, inventory purchases, handling debt or funding renovations. Access to working capital as needed could literally mean the difference between success and failure in any business.

A Merchant Cash Advance gives businesses an alternative to evaluate and compare against working capital options offered by traditional financial institutions. A Merchant Cash Advance  seeks to keep things simple and straightforward, allowing business owners to remain focused on running their businesses. Paperwork is minimal, and our lender considers and approve businesses whose owners have credit scores much lower than traditional financial institutions can allow. A Merchant Cash Advance is so aligned with what a business owner wants and needs, three-out-of-four of our qualified customers return for additional fundings.

While working capital financing through a bank or other lender can be one way to improve your business’ current cash flow, it is important to realize it is not usually the only option. When you are ready to look into a working capital solution allowing you both flexibility and control, it is a good idea to look into the options offered by a Merchant Cash Advance.

 

Cross Border Finance What Does Cross Border Financing Mean?
This term refers to any financing arrangement that crosses national bordersCross border financing could include cross border loans, letters of credit or bankers acceptances, for example, issued in the United States for the benefit of a person in Canada, for example.
Cross border financing within corporations can become very complex, mostly because almost every inter-company loan that crosses national borders has tax consequences, even when the loans or credit are extended by a third party such as a bankLarge international corporations have entire teams of accountants, lawyers and tax experts that evaluate the most tax-efficient ways of financing overseas operations. 

Debtor in Possession Financing (DIP) Debtor-in-Possession Financing 

Financing made available to a debtor in possession, which is a company that maintains its operations during a Chapter 11 bankruptcy. A debtor in possession is generally attempting to fulfill its reorganization plan, discharging certain debts and changing any structural weaknesses to put it on a path to profitability. A company often requires financing in order to restructure, and DIP financing enables it to do so.

 

Distressed Secured Loan Acquisitions 

(also distressed Senior Secured Bridge Loan Acquisitions)

A secured Loan is a loan which is backed by assets belonging to the borrower in order to decrease the risk assumed by the lender. The assets may be forfeited to the lender if the borrower fails to make the necessary payments. 

 

Distressed Senior Secured Bridge Loan Acquisitions (also Distressed Secured Loan Acquisition) A secured Loan is a loan which is backed by assets belonging to the borrower in order to decrease the risk assumed by the lender. The assets may be forfeited to the lender if the borrower fails to make the necessary payments.
EBITDA Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization. An approximate measure of a company’s operating cash flow based on data from the company’s income statement. Calculated by looking at earnings before the deduction of interest expenses, taxes, depreciation, and amortization. This earnings measure is of particular interest in cases where companies have large amounts of fixed assets which are subject to heavy depreciation charges (such as manufacturing companies) or in the case where a company has a large amount of acquired intangible assets on its books and is thus subject to large amortization charges (such as a company that has purchased a brand or a company that has recently made a large acquisition). Since the distortionary accounting and financing effects on company earnings do not factor into EBITDA, it is a good way of comparing companies within and across industries. This measure is also of interest to a company’s creditors, since EBITDA is essentially the income that a company has free for interest payments. In general, EBITDA is a useful measure only for large companies with significant assets, and/or for companies with a significant amount of debt financing. It is rarely a useful measure for evaluating a small company with no significant loans. Sometimes also called operational cash flow. 

Enterprise Value Finance (EV Finance) What Does Enterprise Value – EV Mean? 

A measure of a company’s value, often used as an alternative to straightforward market capitalization. Enterprise value is calculated as market cap plus debt, minority interest and preferred shares, minus total cash and cash equivalents.
Think of enterprise value as the theoretical takeover price. In the event of a buyout, an acquirer would have to take on the company’s debt, but would pocket its cash. EV differs significantly from simple market capitalization in several ways, and many consider it to be a more accurate representation of a firm’s value. The value of a firm’s debt, for example, would need to be paid by the buyer when taking over a company, thus EV provides a much more accurate takeover valuation because it includes debt in its value calculation.

 

 

Equity Participation (also known as Participation Capital) Equity participation gives the lender an incentive to make a loan because they share in the increased equity of the business. If the lender feels that the business has a good model with plenty of potential, they can have a stake in the company, and will see an increase in profits as the company grows. 

The level of participation can be calculated from a variety of things including gross receipts, net income, or with an EBITDA valuation model. The latter simply means earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization.

Equity participation transactions provide the lender with additional incentive to make your loan and can make the process of obtaining a business loan more viable for you by providing innovative and structured loan programs. These loans are an effective tool for lenders and allow you a greater access to the capital you need.

Our goal is to make your search for capital as easy and effective as possible. Your request for funding will be matched against our extensive database of investors and lenders. We currently have over 4,000 sources of business financing in Americas largest free funding directory. Simply by telling us a little bit about your business, you can start on your way to obtaining the capital necessary for success.

Floor Plan Finance Floor Plan Finance is a credit extension to support motor vehicle distributors/dealers to purchase vehicles for sales.
Forward Contract Finance (also called Contract Finance) Contract Financing is provided to businesses that do not produce their own products but rather contract out manufacture and fulfillment to another company, whether it is foreign or domestic. In this case you have received a valid Purchase Order from XYZ Company, a credit worthy customer, for 1,000 units @ $200.00/unit. You inform your manufacturer you will need 1,000 units delivered to XYZ Company by a certain date. They tell you they will need $100,000.00 to produce and deliver. With contract financing in place, the money is provided by the investor to have the product produced, insured and delivered to your customer. Typically, there will be a factoring relationship in place to “take out” (pay off) the contract financing once the product is delivered. This type of financing is also used for import and export. PLEASE NOTE: It is important to understand that this type of financing is not for inventory build up, but rather is for fulfillment only. Fees tend to be higher and advances lower then with factoring, because of the greater risk to the investor.
Government Guaranteed Commercial Loans

What Are Government Guaranteed Commercial Loans?

Government guaranteed loans are one of the most popular lending program types in the United States. This is simply because people or organizations who are otherwise not qualified to take on loans from banks and other lending institutions, can qualify for these programs as long as part of the group or sector is the intended beneficiary of the program.

Government guaranteed means the government, through its designated government, secures the loans program. How does a government-guaranteed loan work? A government guaranteed bank usually facilitates loan and lending institutions designated by the government agencies. The idea is that people or organizations that are qualified for such a loan program, approach banks and lending institutions that are affiliated with the program and fill out the application form provided for them there. There are sets of standards and qualifications specified for particular government guaranteed loan programs, so it is imperative that for a person or organization to be able to get a guaranteed loan, they must meet all the requirements and qualifications.

There are many government guaranteed loan programs being offered on the market nowadays. Some of the most popular government guaranteed loan programs are student loan programs, the small business guaranteed loan programs, the veterans guaranteed loan programs and the agricultural guaranteed loan programs. Accordingly, under these programs, the government pledges to purchase the unpaid loan from the bank or lending institution in the event where the borrower fails to pay the loan on the due date. These loan programs are intended for those people who do not have enough collateral available to qualify for secured loans.

Hard Money Loan What Does Hard Money Loan Mean?
A loan of “last resort” or a short-term bridge loanHard money loans are backed by the value of the property, not by the credit worthiness of the borrowerSince the property itself is used as the only protection against default by the borrower, hard money loans have lower loan-to-value (LTV) ratios than traditional loans. 

 

Hard Money Loan
Hard money loans carry interest rates even higher than traditional subprime loansSince traditional lenders, such as banks, do not make hard money loans, hard loan lenders are sometimes private individuals that see value in this type of potentially risky ventureHard money loans are used in turnaround situations, short-term financing, and by borrowers with poor credit but substantial equity in their property that wish to stave off foreclosure.

 

Import-Export Finance (including Loans that are Sharia Law compliant)

Import/Export Finance

Price: Typically Range between 3-8% per transaction.

“Want to pay your suppliers in 60 days interest free”

Negotiate discounts on supplier purchases and still pay on 30-60 day trading terms”

Our lenders usually supports an International & Domestic Stock Finance product.

Import / Export Finance is a product for these companies to increase product turnover without it effecting cash flow finance.

Businesses have the ability to use the facility when they need to. Larger orders hit the desk, why stress have a facility in place and use their finances to purchase the stock.

Create discounts by paying suppliers in nearly a COD term. This normally creates discounts offsetting cost by the financier.

Easy to use systems help the transaction run smoothly.

  • Purchase larger orders when needed to without stress
  • Increase stock turnover with effecting cash flow
  • Normally no Real Estate Security needed
  • Stock Financier provides all cost to get goods delivered to you
  • Very easy to use product
  • Do to flexibility and risk, it is priced accordingly
Intermediate Term Loan An Intermediate term loan is a bank or other institution or investor loan to a company, with a fixed maturity and often featuring amortization of principal. An Intermediate term loan is usually up to 10 years, as opposed to a long term loan of up to 20 to 25 years. 

 

Investment Paper Investment Paper are Securities rated as such by an investment advisory service, and thus are a suitable investment for a bank investment portfolio or trust department. Speculative securities are rated by Standard & Poor’s as grade BB or lower, and by Moody’s Investors Service as Ba or lower. This paper is also known as Junk Bonds. 

Investment Paper must be rated higher than BB by Standard U& Poors to qualify.

Ovadya Funding Group International, Inc. has lenders for Investment Paper, but DOES NOT have lenders for sub-investment paper (i.e. junk bonds).

 

Investment Paper Finance Investment Paper are Securities rated as such by an investment advisory service, and thus are a suitable investment for a bank investment portfolio or trust department. Speculative securities are rated by Standard & Poor’s as grade BB or lower, and by Moody’s Investors Service as Ba or lower. This paper is also known as Junk Bonds. 

Investment Paper must be rated higher than BB by Standard U& Poors to qualify.

Ovadya Funding Group International, Inc. has lenders for Investment Paper, but DOES NOT have lenders for sub-investment paper (i.e. junk bonds).

 

IPO (Initial Public Offering) An IPO, or, Initial Public Offering is the first sale of stock by a company to the public. Companies offering an IPO are sometimes new, young companies, or sometimes companies which have been around for many years but are finally deciding to go public. IPOs are often risky investments, but often have the potential for significant gains. IPOs are often used as a way for a young company to gain necessary market capital. 

 

NOTE: Ovadya Funding Group International, Inc. is not a securities licensed firm, and DOES NOT become involved in the IPO processThis term is defined here for your convenience and informational purposes ONLY.

L/C (also known as Letter of Credit) Finance A Letter of Credit or, L/C. is a binding document that a buyer can request from his bank in order to guarantee that the payment for goods will be transferred to the seller. Basically, a letter of credit gives the seller reassurance that he will receive the payment for the goods. In order for the payment to occur, the seller has to present the bank with the necessary shipping documents confirming the shipment of goods within a given time frame. It is often used in international trade to eliminate risks such as unfamiliarity with the foreign country, customs, or political instability. 

 

A letter of credit (L/C) is just as difficult to obtain as a loanIn fact, the paperwork/application is exactly the same as the banks loan application.

 

Letter of Credit Finance (L/C) A Letter of Credit or, L/C. is a binding document that a buyer can request from his bank in order to guarantee that the payment for goods will be transferred to the seller. Basically, a letter of credit gives the seller reassurance that he will receive the payment for the goods. In order for the payment to occur, the seller has to present the bank with the necessary shipping documents confirming the shipment of goods within a given time frame. It is often used in international trade to eliminate risks such as unfamiliarity with the foreign country, customs, or political instability. 

 

A letter of credit (L/C) is just as difficult to obtain as a loanIn fact, the paperwork/application is exactly the same as the banks loan application.

 

Loan Term A Loan Term – Period over which a loan agreement is in force, and before or at the end of which the loan should either be repaid or renegotiated for another term. 

 

Management Buyout (MBO) Finance An MBO, or Management Buyout, is when the managers and/or executives of a company purchase controlling interest in a company from existing shareholders.
In most cases, the management will buy out all the outstanding shareholders and then take the company private because it feels it has the expertise to grow the business better if it controls the ownership. Quite often, management will team up with a venture capitalist to acquire the business because it’s a complicated process that requires significant capital. 

 

MBO (Management Buyout) Finance An MBO, or Management Buyout, is when the managers and/or executives of a company purchase controlling interest in a company from existing shareholders.
In most cases, the management will buy out all the outstanding shareholders and then take the company private because it feels it has the expertise to grow the business better if it controls the ownership. Quite often, management will team up with a venture capitalist to acquire the business because it’s a complicated process that requires significant capital. 

 

Mergers & Acquisitions Financing: 

Mergers & Acquisitions Financing: 

A general term used to refer to the consolidation of companiesA merger is a combination of two companies to form a new company, while an acquisition is the purchase of one company by another in which no new company is formed.

Mezzanine Finance 

(Pre-IPO)

 

Mezzanine Finance is a late-stage venture capital, usually the final round of financing prior to an IPO. Mezzanine Financing is for a company expecting to go public usually within 6 to 12 months, usually so structured to be repaid from proceeds of a public offerings, or to establish floor price for public offer.

 

Mezzanine Finance (Real Estate) Mezzanine Financing for real estate is a financing vehicle is becoming extremely popular, but what exactly is it? 

As more money flows into real estate related investments, the emergence of new, innovative financing products follows. In residential lending, weve seen products such as pay-option ARMs become widely used, as lenders find more outlets for these loans on the secondary markets. In the commercial real estate markets, mezzanine financing has recently become a hot topic. So what exactly is mezzanine financing, anyway?

This question has one answer, with multiple meanings. To begin, we must look at the characteristics that make up a mezzanine financing. By definition, a mezzanine loan is a hybrid of debt and equity, generally subordinate to any senior debt. Given its subordinate position, the lender usually receives a much higher coupon rate than what would be on the senior debt. In addition to this higher rate, mezzanine financing usually contains a convertible feature, which allows the lender to realize any gains associated with a projects success, which could further increase the total yield. This is what makes mezzanine financing attractive to investors and lenders; the yield of an equity investment, with the protection of being in a creditor position.

So how can mezzanine financing benefit your business? Given the continuing tightening of the banks and senior lenders with respect to their LTVs, borrowers are being forced to put more capital into projects than they originally anticipated. Many commercial borrowers, including developers and individual investors, are looking to use as much leverage as possible, keeping them liquid and, hopefully, maximizing returns. However, depending on the type of project the borrower is getting into, high leverage may not always be the best way to structure the deal, as it may cause negative cash flow or eat up most, if not all, of the potential profits.

Common mezzanine structures and terms

Although by its very nature, mezzanine financing has no set terms or structures, there are few types of deal terms that are most commonly used in real estate transactions. These include the following:

Straight debt instrument

This is the most common type used in stabilized properties, and is also the easiest to understand. The mezzanine lender will be in a subordinate, or junior, lien position, usually to a CLTV of up to 85%. In this scenario, the lender has no equity participation in the projects cash flow, nor does it have any say in the management of the project. Depending on the CLTV, type of project and strength of the borrower, yields typically fall within the 9-13% range, with terms matching those of the senior note.

Participation note

When borrowers are looking for higher leverage and are willing to give up some of the cash flow or equity for it, mezzanine lenders can structure the loan as a participating debt instrument, which is a debt/equity hybrid of sorts. By doing this, borrowers can usually get up to 90% CLTV, but give up some of the upside potential of a good project. The mezzanine lender will usually receive a slightly lower coupon rate on the note, but will potentially increase its overall IRR by participating in the projects cash flow or receiving an exit fee when the project sells. However, given the increased risk the lender is assuming via the higher LTV, a greater yield is required. This is considered when calculating the coupon rate and percentage of equity the mezzanine lender will request from the borrower. On a standard, stabilized transaction, the mezzanine lender will look for a 15-18% overall IRR, but may require a higher return for transactions they deemriskier.”

Preferred equity

One step shy of a pure equity play, the preferred equity structure gives the mezzanine lender some control over the project, along with a greater equity position than that of a participating note. The borrower and lender usually enter into a partnership or joint venture agreement, which defines the role each party will play, the equity ownership of each and any other terms of the transaction. Although many borrowers do not like giving up control of their project, most are willing to in exchange for not having to commit substantial capital to the project, which is why many enter into this type of agreement to begin with. On the other side of the equation, the mezzanine lender enjoys more control, a higher overall yield and the ability to step in and take over the property in the event of default. This is in exchange for the lender assuming a greater amount of risk due to the high CLTV and the borrowers limited amount of capital at risk.

Uses for mezzanine financing

As you can imagine, mezzanine financing can be applied to many situations. Once used almost exclusively for corporate finance deals, investors have found many uses for mezzanine financing in real estate. Stabilized properties, value-add and new development are the three main types of transactions, each having its own unique characteristics, where mezzanine financing can be utilized. Although the level of complexity will vary from one transaction to the next, it should be assumed that the more moving parts a transaction has, the more difficult it becomes to structure the capital stack to include the use of mezzanine financing.

Stabilized properties

In the case of stabilized properties, the mezzanine piece is usually a straight debt instrument, subordinate to the senior note, with no equity component. This is the most common and straightforward type of mezzanine financing being used in real estate at this time, as it contains the least amount of risk and is the easiest for borrowers and lenders to understand. For stabilized properties, mezzanine financing will only work if the property generates enough cash flow to cover the debt service of both the first mortgage and the mezzanine piece, along with the operating expenses, and still provide the owner with a return. If it does not, the use of mezzanine financing is probably not appropriate.

Value-add

Value-add, or non-stabilized properties, are those properties where cash flow is not stabilized. This could be for any number of reasons, but for this article, lets assume its because the property requires significant improvements in order to attract new tenants and increase lease rates. A borrower that has identified a potential opportunity to reposition a property would look to a mezzanine lender for the capital, in excess of what the senior lender will commit, needed for them to execute their plan to create value.

Given the dependency on the borrower to successfully complete the repositioning in order for the project to work, the mezzanine lender will closely look at the borrowers and/or the project managers resumes when underwriting the deal. Therefore, it is extremely important for both (if the borrower is not the project manager) to have experience and expertise in value-add investments.

Developments

Considered the riskiest of the three transaction types discussed in this article, development deals are the most challenging to structure and require the most due diligence on the lenders part. Since developers, by nature, like to employ the use of heavy leverage on their projects, mezzanine financing is often a key component of the capital stack. More often in development deals, as compared to stabilized properties, mezzanine financing takes the form of preferred equity rather than straight debt. This is due to two main factors: the lenders need to achieve a higher IRR because of the risk; and the lender wanting the ability to participate in the decision making process and management of the project. Again, because development projects contain the most risk and uncertainty, the lender wants to do whatever it can to protect its investment.

Summary

As you can see, mezzanine financing plays a big role in commercial real estate deals and can be a valuable tool for investors and developers. This means that it should be a product you are familiar with and one that you are comfortable telling your potential clients about. Remember, as more residential loan officers make the move to commercial, the way to stay one step ahead is to educate yourself, learn as much as you can and continue to grow as a professional.

 

Mezzanine Finance with Warrants Mezzanine Finance is a late-stage venture capital, usually the final round of financing prior to an IPO. Mezzanine Financing is for a company expecting to go public usually within 6 to 12 months, usually so structured to be repaid from proceeds of a public offerings, or to establish floor price for public offer. 

 

Warrants

A warrant is a security that permits its owner to purchase a specific number of shares of stock at a predetermined price. For example, a warrant may give an investor the right to purchase 5 shares of XYZ common stock at a price of $25 per share until October 1, 20xx. Warrants usually originate as part of a new bond issue, but they trade separately after issuance. Warrants usually have limited lives. Their values are considerably more volatile than the values of the underlying stock. Thus, investment in warrants is not for the timid. Also called equity warrant, stock warrant, subscription warrant.

 

Mezzanine Financing (non pre-IPO) mezzanine financing is hybrid of debt and equity funding. Usually shortened tomezz financing.” The provider loans money on a second or even third mortgage basis and may either take an ownership interest in addition or may reserve the right to take over an ownership interest if the loan is not paid on time and in full. The loans are generally extended in emergency situations, such as to buy property quickly before bank lending can be arranged, or to engage in expansion activities andgrowa company out of a cash crunch that is preventing it from securing a conventional loan. Because of the subordinate nature of the debt, the risky nature of the activities being funded by the money, and the lack of time to perform due diligence, mezz lenders usually want a high return on their money, in the 20 to 30 percent range. 

 

Participation Capital 

(also known as Equity Participation)

Equity participation gives the lender an incentive to make a loan because they share in the increased equity of the business. If the lender feels that the business has a good model with plenty of potential, they can have a stake in the company, and will see an increase in profits as the company grows. 

The level of participation can be calculated from a variety of things including gross receipts, net income, or with an EBITDA valuation model. The latter simply means earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization.

Equity participation transactions provide the lender with additional incentive to make your loan and can make the process of obtaining a business loan more viable for you by providing innovative and structured loan programs. These loans are an effective tool for lenders and allow you a greater access to the capital you need.

Our goal is to make your search for capital as easy and effective as possible. Your request for funding will be matched against our extensive database of investors and lenders. We currently have over 4,000 sources of business financing in Americas largest free funding directory. Simply by telling us a little bit about your business, you can start on your way to obtaining the capital necessary for success.

Private Label Credit Card Finance A private label credit card is one where a merchant issues a card with a unique design and logo on it. This is different than a store card because many store cards can only be used in house. 

Private label cards often share a logo with Visa or MasterCard, extending credit elsewhere. The reason a company may engage in this practice is because it helps differentiate itself. When customers pull out their card to pay for something at the grocery store with an exquisite Vive Paris card, it gets noticed because of its pretty design and differentiation from the crowd.

In addition to this, businesses can offer rewards to those who use the private label card in their store, encouraging more purchases and customer loyalty.

 

Re-discounting Re-discounting is to declare a discount for the second time. For example, an issuer may offer a bond at a discount from its par value to entice investors. If this does not work, the issuer may discount the bonds further in order to encourage people to buy the bond. 

 

NOTE: Ovadya Funding Group International, Inc. is not a securities licensed firm and DOES NOT become involved with the rediscounting processThis term is defined here for your convenience and for informational purposes ONLY.

 

Re-discounting Finance Re-discounting financing is the financing to put a bond issuer in a position for re-discounting.  

Rediscounting is to declare a discount for the second time. For example, an issuer may offer a bond at a discount from its par value to entice investors. If this does not work, the issuer may discount the bonds further in order to encourage people to buy the bond.

 

NOTE: Ovadya Funding Group International, Inc. is not a securities licensed firm and DOES NOT become involved with the rediscounting processThis term is defined here for your convenience and for informational purposes ONLY.

 

SBA Loan SBA Loan is a loan from a bank or commercial lending institution that the SBA guarantees as much as 80 percent of the loan 

 

Secured Loan A secured Loan is a loan which is backed by assets belonging to the borrower in order to decrease the risk assumed by the lender. The assets may be forfeited to the lender if the borrower fails to make the necessary payments. 

 

 

Short Term Loan A short-term loan is a loan that will only be needed for a period of less than a year 

 

Sub-Investment Paper Sub-Investment Paper are Securities rated as such by an investment advisory service, and thus are an unsuitable investment for a bank investment portfolio or trust department. Speculative securities are rated by Standard & Poor’s as grade BB or lower, and by Moody’s Investors Service as Ba or lower. This paper is also known as Junk Bonds. 

Investment Paper must be rated higher than BB by Standard U& Poors to qualify.

Ovadya Funding Group International, Inc. has lenders for Investment Paper, but DOES NOT have lenders for sub-investment paper (i.e. junk bonds).

 

Term Loan  

A Term Loan is a loan for equipment, real estate and working capital that paid off like a mortgage for between one year and ten years

 

Vendor Finance Vendor Finance is Credit provided by the supplier, usually in the form of deferred payment termsSuch programs are often recognizable in the retail industry such as12 months same as cash”, etc. 

 

However, this type of financing may be an option for other industry types which sell projects or services to their customers whom wish to have the option of payment terms rather then COD, etc.

 

Venture Banking Finance (also known as Venture Debt, or Venture Capital) Venture Capital, Venture Capital Banking, or Venture Debt, is money provided by investors to startup firms and small businesses with perceived long-term growth potential. This is a very important source of funding for startups that do not have access to capital markets. It typically entails high risk for the investor, but it has the potential for above-average returns.
Venture capital can also include managerial and technical expertise. Most venture capital comes from a group of wealthy investors, investment banks and other financial institutions that pool such investments or partnerships. This form of raising capital is popular among new companies or ventures with limited operating history, which cannot raise funds by issuing debt. The downside for entrepreneurs is that venture capitalists usually get a say in company decisions, in addition to a portion of the equity. 

Venture Capital (also known as Venture Banking Finance, or Venture Capital) Venture Capital, Venture Capital Banking, or Venture Debt, is money provided by investors to startup firms and small businesses with perceived long-term growth potential. This is a very important source of funding for startups that do not have access to capital markets. It typically entails high risk for the investor, but it has the potential for above-average returns.
Venture capital can also include managerial and technical expertise. Most venture capital comes from a group of wealthy investors, investment banks and other financial institutions that pool such investments or partnerships. This form of raising capital is popular among new companies or ventures with limited operating history, which cannot raise funds by issuing debt. The downside for entrepreneurs is that venture capitalists usually get a say in company decisions, in addition to a portion of the equity. 

Venture Debt (also known as Venture Banking Finance or Venture Capital) Venture Capital, Venture Capital Banking, or Venture Debt, is money provided by investors to startup firms and small businesses with perceived long-term growth potential. This is a very important source of funding for startups that do not have access to capital markets. It typically entails high risk for the investor, but it has the potential for above-average returns.
Venture capital can also include managerial and technical expertise. Most venture capital comes from a group of wealthy investors, investment banks and other financial institutions that pool such investments or partnerships. This form of raising capital is popular among new companies or ventures with limited operating history, which cannot raise funds by issuing debt. The downside for entrepreneurs is that venture capitalists usually get a say in company decisions, in addition to a portion of the equity. 

Warrants Warrants 

A security that permits its owner to purchase a specific number of shares of stock at a predetermined price. For example, a warrant may give an investor the right to purchase 5 shares of XYZ common stock at a price of $25 per share until October 1, 20xx. Warrants usually originate as part of a new bond issue, but they trade separately after issuance. Warrants usually have limited lives. Their values are considerably more volatile than the values of the underlying stock. Thus, investment in warrants is not for the timid. Also called equity warrant, stock warrant, subscription warrant.

Working Capital Finance Bankers regularly characterize working capital as an important measure of the health of a company. Working capital represents the amount of cash and cash equivalents that are available for regular functioning of the business. Because of the delay between delivering product and the receipt of payment, there is often a need for cash financing. Thus, loans guaranteed by working capital are a ready source of cash. 

What is Working Capital?

  1. Working capital is that portion of a company’s balance sheet used for day-to-day operations. Working capital is current assets minus current liabilities. Working capital is absolutely essential for the growth of a company. From working capital ordinary bills are paid and payroll met. Banks and other lending companies regularly grant loans to growing companies that are guaranteed by the cash flow of the company.

Financing Techniques

  1. Financing working capital may take many forms. The lending institution is looking for assets that are constantly refreshed and have a high likelihood of payment. One source of working capital financing is a claim against receivables. Receivables are billings for work completed for clients for which payment has not yet been received. Receivable financing is the most common form of financing available.

Uses of Working Capital Financing

  1. Companies that use working capital financing use the monies for one of three purposes: to cover seasonal low points in cash flow, to use the proceeds to grow the business and to pay bills for ordinary expenses. Using working capital financing for long-term financing would not be an appropriate use of proceeds. The repayment schedule must have the same time frame as the use of the proceeds.

Financing Terms

  1. Bank lending is based on the credit quality of the borrower and the quality of the receivables. Receivables from Fortune 500 companies can be borrowed by up to 5 percent or more. Receivables from small private companies may yield only 60 percent. Banks usually charge an annual fee and a rate above prime for the total amount of dollars outstanding each month. Banks also analyze the number and quality of receivables.

Quality of Receivables is Important

  1. Receivables for only one or two customized pieces of work are not as attractive as the receivables for hundreds or thousands of small amounts. Banks consider working capital a measure of the health of a company. If a company is borrowing against receivables because business is bad and the company cannot meet its expenses, banks will usually close the line. For small companies banks usually require a personal guarantee from the owners.

FOR PROJECT SUBMISSIONS  PLEASE UTILIZEadmin@ovadyafunding.com

(FOR PROJECT SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS PLEASE CLICK HERE)


Bridge Loan with Warrants, Commodity Trade Finance, commodity trade financing, commodity trade loan, commodity trade lending, commodity trade lender , Credit Card Merchant Processing Working Capital Finance, Cross Border Finance, Debtor in Possession Financing, DIP, Distressed Secured Loan Acquisitions, Distressed Senior Secured Bridge Loan Acquisitions , Enterprise Value Finance, EV Finance, Equity Participation , Floor Plan Finance, Forward Contract Finance, Government Guaranteed Commercial Loans , Hard Money Loan, Import-Export Finance, Sharia Law compliant , Intermediate Term of Credit Finance, Loan Term, Management Buyout Finance, MBO Finance, Mezzanine Finance, Mezzanine Finance, Mezzanine Finance with Warrants, Mezzanine Financing, Participation Capital, Private Label Credit Card Finance, Rediscounting , Rediscounting Finance, SBA Loan, Secured Loan, Short Term Loan, Sub-Investment Paper, Term Loan, Vendor Finance, Venture Banking Finance, Venture Capital, Venture Debt , Warrants, Working Capital Finance, real estate loans, commercial finance, commercial loans, commercial financing, commercial project, commercial debt, commercial refi, commercial refinancing, commercial refinance, commercial project, bond, issuer, 144a, regulation D, commercial funding, project, business loan, business financing, business finance, factoring, restructure, restructuring, corporate, entity, LLC, operational funding, operational finance, operational financing, loan, lend, lender, lending, customer relationship management, crm, e-commerce, e commerce, consumer technology, consumer technologies, financial technology, financial technologies, healthcare, healthcare industry, healthcare industry it, financial news, interactive marketing, digital media, top line growth, initial public offering, IPO, SLS, Senior Life Settlement, Senior Life Settlements, Investor, Senior, Seniors, Life Insurance, project funding, commercial project, commercial loan, commercial lending

Leave a Reply